Product Description
Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGF-β1) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a central role in regulating cell growth, differentiation, immune response, and extracellular matrix production. It signals primarily through type I and type II TGF-β receptors, leading to activation of SMAD-dependent and SMAD-independent pathways, which control diverse cellular processes including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), fibrosis, and immune modulation.
TGF-β1 is synthesized as a latent precursor complex consisting of a propeptide (LAP) and the mature cytokine, which requires activation through proteolytic cleavage or conformational changes. Once active, TGF-β1 orchestrates tissue homeostasis and repair and is essential for embryonic development and immune tolerance. Dysregulation of TGF-β1 signaling is implicated in various diseases, including cancer, fibrosis, and autoimmune disorders. Recombinant TGF-β1 is widely used in vitro to study EMT, stem cell differentiation, wound healing models, and immune cell regulation, making it a key tool in both basic and translational biomedical research.
Applications
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) modeling in cancer and developmental studies
- Fibrosis research in liver, lung, kidney, and cardiac tissues/Stem cell differentiation, particularly into mesodermal and endodermal lineages
- Immune regulation and T cell differentiation (e.g., Treg induction)
- Wound healing and tissue repair models
- Tumor microenvironment studies, including stromal remodeling and immune evasion/Organogenesis and morphogenesis during early development
- Extracellular matrix (ECM) production and remodeling in regenerative biology
- Maintenance and expansion of iPSCs in defined culture systems
Product Specifications
| Storage | -20°C |
| Storage Information | Avoid freeze/thaw cycles |
| Species | Human |
| Amino Acid Sequence | ALDTNYCFSS TEKNCCVRQL YIDFRKDLGW KWIHEPKGYH ANFCLGPCPY IWSLDTQYSK VLALYNQHNP GASAAPCCVP QALEPLPIVY YVGRKPKVEQ LSNMIVRSCK CS |
| Molecular Weight | 12.8 kDa (Expected) |
| Class | Recombinant |
| Purity | > 95% by SDS-PAGE gel |
| Endotoxin Concentration | < 1 EU/µg |
| Biologically Active | Yes |
| Biological Activity | The biological activity is confirmed by its ability to inhibit the mouse IL-4 dependent proliferation of mouse HT-2 cells. |
| Form | Lyophilized |
| Shipping Conditions | Ambient |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute with sterile 10 mM Acetic Acid |
